Lithium steel batteries (LMBs) have regained consideration for the next-generation storage system because of distinctive vitality densities. Nonetheless, Li steel anodes endure from severe dendrite, unstable strong electrolyte interphase (SEI), and massive quantity fluctuation, leading to low cycle stability and compromised security. This evaluate systematically summarizes current advances in lithium steel protecting methods towards high-performance LMBs. First, 3D lithium steel host designs with homogeneous and gradient construction aimed toward optimizing construction and nucleation kinetics to information Li plating habits and obtain uniform lithium deposition. Second, interfacial engineering contains the development of synthetic strong electrolyte interface (SEI) and enchancment of innate SEI by interfacial modulation to guard lithium electrodes. Third, electrolyte components and solid-state electrolyte are developed to type steady SEI and suppress the dendrite formation. Lastly, this evaluate outlines the present challenges and additional rational design of LMB safety to advertise new growth for high-energy-density LMBs.
